How to set up your own fast, private open source mesh network

FreeMesh is an affordable, performant, privacy-respecting mesh system that installs in less than 10 minutes.
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The FreeMesh system promises to bring fully open source mesh networking to the masses. I recently had a chance to test it; it installed quickly, and the performance was great—especially for the price.

Why mesh and open source?

The reason to use open source is simple: privacy. With FreeMesh, your data is your own. It doesn't track or collect data. Don't trust it? You can easily check—it's open source, after all! With some other popular mesh solutions, say those provided by very large tech conglomerates, would you trust them with your data?

Another important factor: updates. FreeMesh says it is committed to pushing out security and performance updates regularly. What about 10 years from now? With an open source solution, you are free to update the product for as long as you want.

So why mesh? In a mesh network, multiple wireless routers work together to broadcast a single, very large wireless network. Each router in a mesh network intelligently communicates with the other(s) to provide the best "path" for your data. The following images from FreeMesh's website highlight the difference between using a single wireless router and a mesh network. The red network represents a single wireless router, and the green is a mesh network.

Single-router network
Mesh network

Get the equipment

To get started with FreeMesh, order a kit. Two kits are available: standard and 4G LTE.

The 4G LTE kit, as the name suggests, supports cellular data connections. This feature is a rarity in the consumer networking space, and it will be very useful to some folks. You can set up a portable mesh network anywhere with power and cell service with full fast-failover capability.

The FreeMesh kits come with a primary router and two nodes. The router and nodes use 802.11ac, 802.11r, and 802.11s standards. The included firmware runs a customized version of OpenWrt, a Linux distro for embedded devices.

The FreeMesh router has some really good specs:

  • CPU: Dual-core 880MHz MediaTek MT7621AT (two cores/four threads!)
  • RAM: DDR3 512MB
  • Interfaces: 1x GbE WAN, 4x GbE LAN, 1x USB 2.0 ports, 1x microSD card slot, 1x SIM slot
  • Antenna: 2x 5dBi 2.4GHz, 2x 5dBi 5GHz, 2x 3dBi 3G/4G (built-in)
  • 4G LTE modem: LTE category 4 module, 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink

Setup

Setup is easy, and FreeMesh's README offers simple instructions and diagrams. Start by setting up the primary router first. Then follow these simple steps:

  1. Connect the first node (blue WAN port) to the primary router (yellow LAN port).

    FreeMesh setup step 1
  2. Wait about 30 to 60 seconds. The node will flash its LEDs when the setup is complete.

    FreeMesh setup step 2
  3. Move the node to another location.

That's it! There is no manual setup required for the nodes; you simply plug them into the primary router, and it does the rest. You can add more nodes the same way; just repeat the steps above.

Features

Out of the box, FreeMesh runs a combination of OpenWRT and LuCI. It has all the features you'd expect from a router. Want to install new features or packages? SSH in and start hacking!

Real-time load on FreeMesh network

Overview of FreeMesh network


OpenWrt status report

Performance

After setting up the FreeMesh system, I moved the nodes to various places around my house. I used iPerf to test the bandwidth and was getting around 150Mbps. WiFi can be affected by any number of environmental variables, so your mileage may vary. Distance between the nodes and the primary router also plays a large factor in bandwidth.

However, the real advantage of a mesh network isn't its top-end speed but much better average speed across a space. Even at the far reaches of my home, I was still able to stream videos and work without interruption. I was even able to work in my backyard. I simply repositioned one of the nodes in front of a window before heading outside.

Conclusion

FreeMesh is really compelling; it offers performance, privacy, and price, all in a simple, open source package.

In my experience, setup is a breeze, and it is more than fast enough. The range is excellent and far exceeds any single-router setup. You are free to hack and customize your FreeMesh setup, but I didn't feel the need to. It has everything I need out of the box.

If you are looking for an affordable, performant, privacy-respecting mesh system that installs in less than 10 minutes, you might want to consider FreeMesh.

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Spencer has been a dual-stack developer for over 20 years.  He has developed on Windows, Linux and focused on embedded systems.  Over the last 10 years Spencer has worked on Clean Router and now helps with the Open Source project of FreeMesh.

4 Comments

This is great! I hadn't heard of this solution. I'm anxious to try it. Thank you for sharing this.

Nice. I do wish you'd didn't a little more time exploring a few expected use case questions though. For example, you suggest you plug the node into the primary and unplug it. I infer with 90% confidence you're stingy that there after the nice need only be within Wi-Fi range of the primary to work, but what about within Wi-Fi range of another node? ie daisy chains? or spoked wheels? Can we install it on existing openwrt routers? What about about other WAPs and Wi-Fi range extenders already in place? Proprietary ones at, popular consumer brands? All interesting questions not least for Antin considering using existing equipment (rather then creating e-waste) and converting a network of WAPs and extenders.

Aargh, you think this website will sort editing comment? Nothing like typing one on a phone to find a pile text prediction issues missed on entry but unable to fix them.

In reply to by Thumb One

Spencer, thanks for the article it actually helped me decided to purchase a kit. Now I have a fair amount of experience in networking and was excited to have a mesh network in my house (who doesn't want complete coverage). The instructions that came with it were basic at best and the wiki is not even there. The layout to the management gui is decent but could use more thought. There are not even instructions on how to get a basic mesh going with a single SSID. I personally at this point in time would not recommend this product.

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